Monday, December 30, 2019

World War II - Lieutenant Colonel Otto Skorzeny

Otto Skorzeny - Early Life Career: Otto Skorzeny was born June 12, 1908, in Vienna, Austria. Raised in a middle class family, Skorzeny spoke fluent German and French and was educated locally before attending university. While there, he developed skills in fencing. Taking part in numerous bouts, he received a long scar on the left side of his face. This along with his height (64), was one of Skorzenys distinguishing features. Unhappy with the rampant economic depression prevalent in Austria, he joined the Austrian Nazi Party in 1931 and a short time later became a member of the SA (Stormtroopers). Otto Skorzeny - Joining the Military: A civil engineer by trade, Skorzeny came to minor prominence when he saved Austrian President Wilhelm Miklas from being shot during the Anschluss in 1938. This action caught the eye of Austrian SS chief Ernst Kaltenbrunner. With the beginning of World War II in September 1939, Skorzeny attempted to join the Luftwaffe but instead was assigned as an officer-cadet in the Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler (Hitlers bodyguard regiment). Serving as a technical officer with the rank of second lieutenant, Skorzeny put his engineering training to use. During the invasion of France the following year, Skorzeny traveled with 1st Waffen SS Divisions artillery. Seeing little action, he later took part in the German campaign in the Balkans. During these operations, he compelled a large Yugoslav force to surrender and was promoted to first lieutenant. In June 1941, Skorzeny, now serving with the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich, took part in Operation Barbarossa. Attacking into the Soviet Union, Skorzeny aided in the fighting as German troops neared Moscow. Assigned to a technical unit, he was tasked with seizing key buildings in the Russian capital after its fall. Otto Skorzeny - Becoming a Commando: As the Soviet defenses held, this mission was ultimately called off. Remaining on the Eastern Front, Skorzeny was wounded by shrapnel from Katyusha rockets in December 1942. Though injured, he refused treatment and continued fighting until the effects of his wounds forced his evacuation. Taken to Vienna to recover, he received the Iron Cross. Given a staff role with the Waffen-SS in Berlin, Skorzeny began extensive reading and research into commando tactics and warfare. Enthusiastic about this alternative approach to warfare he began advocating it within the SS. Based on his work, Skorzeny believed that new, unconventional units should be formed to conduct attacks deep behind enemy lines. In April 1943, his work bore fruit as he was selected by Kaltenbrunner, now the head of the RSHA (SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt - Reich Main Security Office) to develop a training course for operatives that included paramilitary tactics, sabotage, and spying. Promoted to captain, Skorzeny quickly received command of Sonderverband z.b.V. Friedenthal. A special operations unit, it was redesignated 502nd SS Jà ¤ger Battalion Mitte that June. Relentlessly training his men, Skorzenys unit conducted their first mission, Operation Francois, that summer. Dropping into Iran, a group from the 502nd was tasked with contacting dissident tribes in the region and encouraging them to attack Allied supply lines. While contact was made, little resulted from the operation. With the collapse of Benito Mussolinis regime in Italy, the dictator was arrested by the Italian government and moved through a series of safe houses. Angered by this Adolf Hitler ordered that Mussolini be rescued. Otto Skorzeny - The Most Dangerous Man in Europe: Meeting with a small group of officers in July 1943, Hitler personally selected Skorzeny to oversee the operation to free Mussolini. Familiar with Italy from a prewar honeymoon trip, he began a series of reconnaissance flights over the country. During this process he was shot down twice. Locating Mussolini at the remote Campo Imperatore Hotel atop Gran Sasso Mountain, Skorzeny, General Kurt Student, and Major Harald Mors began planning a rescue mission. Dubbed Operation Oak, the plan called for the commandoes to land twelve D230 gliders on a small patch of clear land before storming the hotel. Moving forward on September 12, the gliders landed on the mountain top and seized the hotel without firing a shot. Collecting Mussolini, Skorzeny and the deposed leader departed Gran Sasso aboard a small Fieseler Fi 156 Storch. Arriving in Rome, he escorted Mussolini to Vienna. As a reward for the mission, Skorzeny was promoted to major and awarded the Knights Cross of the Iron Cross. Skorzenys daring exploits at Gran Sasso were widely publicized by the Nazi regime and he was soon dubbed the most dangerous man in Europe. Otto Skorzeny - Later Missions: Riding the success of the Gran Sasso mission, Skorzeny was asked to oversee Operation Long Jump which called for operatives to assassinate Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin at the November 1943 Tehran Conference. Unconvinced that the mission could succeed, Skorzeny had it cancelled due to poor intelligence and the arrest of the lead agents. Moving on, he began planning Operation Knights Leap which was intended to capture Yugoslav leader Josip Tito at his Drvar base. Though he intended to personally lead the mission, he backed out after visiting Zagreb and finding its secrecy compromised. Despite this, the mission still went forward and ended disastrously in May 1944. Two months later, Skorzeny found himself in Berlin following the July 20 Plot to kill Hitler. Racing around the capital, he aided in putting down the rebels and maintaining Nazi control of the government. In October, Hitler summoned Skorzeny and gave him orders to go to Hungary and stop Hungarys Regent, Admiral Miklà ³s Horthy, from negotiating peace with the Soviets. Dubbed Operation Panzerfaust, Skorzeny and his men captured Horthys son and sent him to Germany as a hostage before securing Castle Hill in Budapest. As a result of the operation, Horthy left office and Skorzeny was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Otto Skorzeny - Operation Griffin: Returning to Germany, Skorzeny began planning Operation Griffin. A false-flag mission, it called for his men to dress in American uniforms and penetrate US lines during the opening phases of the Battle of Bulge to cause confusion and disrupt Allied movements. Moving forward with around 25 men, Skorzenys force had only minor success and many of his men were captured. Upon being taken, they spread rumors that Skorzeny was planning a raid on Paris to capture or kill General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Though untrue, these rumors led to Eisenhower being placed under heavy security. With the end of the operation, Skorzeny was transferred east and commanded regular forces as an acting major general. Mounting a tenacious defense of Frankfurt, he received the Oak Leaves to the Knights Cross. With defeat on the horizon, Skorzeny was tasked with creating a Nazi guerrilla organization dubbed the Werewolves. Lacking sufficient manpower to build a fighting force, he instead used the group to create esc ape routes out of Germany for Nazi officials. Otto Skorzeny - Surrender Later Life: Seeing little choice and believing he could be useful, Skorzeny surrendered to US forces on May 16, 1945. Held for two years, he was tried at Dachau for war crime tied to Operation Griffin. These charges were dismissed when a British agent stated that Allied forces had conducted similar missions. Escaping from an internment camp at Darmstadt in 1948, Skorzeny spent the remainder of his life as a military advisor in Egypt and Argentina as well as continued to aid former Nazis through the ODESSA network. Skorzeny died of cancer in Madrid, Spain on July 5, 1975, and his ashes were later interred in Vienna. Selected Sources World War II: Otto SkorzenyJVL: Otto SkorzenyNNDB: Otto Skorzeny

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Competitive Profile Matrix Emirates - 2382 Words

Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) Author: admin Wednesday, 24 Sep 2014 Step 4. Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) In order to construct a competitive profile matrix, it is necessary to determine critical success factors in airline industry. These are: strong management, organization of routes, availability of non-stop flights, qualified workforce, in-flight services and service promotions, price competitiveness, effective financial management, cost management. Main competitors of Emirates Airline can be divided into two groups: private airline companies and airline alliances. Key airline alliances posing strong competition to Emirates Airline are SkyTeam, Star Alliance and oneworld (Plunkett, 2011). AirAsia is a private company also†¦show more content†¦Step 7. Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix Factor Weight Rating Weighted score Strengths: Extensive route coverage 0.10 3 0.3 Large airline fleet 0.05 4 0.2 Market diversification 0.10 4 0.4 Cargo shipping 0.05 3 0.15 Global brand recognition 0.10 3 0.3 Continual renewal and improvement 0.05 4 0.2 Strong corporate culture 0.10 4 0.4 Weaknesses: Medium investment effectiveness 0.10 2 0.2 High-end risky acquisitions 0.10 2 0.2 Focus on luxury travels 0.05 1 0.05 Lack of internal alignment 0.05 1 0.05 Issues with labor policies and labor quality 0.05 2 0.1 Issues with cost effectiveness 0.10 2 0.2 Total weighted score 1.00 2.75 The results of IFE matrix indicate that although Emirates Airline is performing slightly above average, its position is vulnerable due to issues with cost effectiveness, risky acquisitions and the lack of internal alignment between departments. Thus, recent strategies of the company should address these issues and eliminate them, or mitigate the effects. Step 8. A. SWOT matrix (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) Strengths: Extensive route coverage Large airline fleet Market diversification Cargo shipping Global brand recognition Continual renewal and improvement Strong corporate culture Weaknesses: Medium investment effectiveness High-end risky acquisitions Focus on luxury travels Lack of internal alignment Issues with labor policies and labor quality Issues with costShow MoreRelatedStrategic Management Analysis of Saudi Aramco Ltd.1671 Words   |  7 PagesStrategy 4. Most Strategic Management Model 5. Company Detailed Profile including mission amp; vision and Organogram 6. PESTEL, SWOT and Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 7. SWAN Analysis amp; TWOS Matrix 8. Value Chain Analysis 9. ViSA Model amp; SMARTER Model 10. The BCG chart 11. PURE Objectives amp; GREAT Model 12. Market Analysis including Market Segmentation 13. EFE Matrix 14. CPM Matrix 15. QSPM Analysis 16. Financial Analysis 17. 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Air Arabia†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2.3.2. Etihad Airways†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2.3.3. RAK Airways†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2.3.4. Competitive advantage of Emirates Airlines†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 3. 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Friday, December 13, 2019

Japan’s Development History Free Essays

Those legends that give the history of Japan indicates that, Japan was founded in 600 BC by the emperor called Jimmu. Jimmu is said to be a direct descendant of sun goddess, and also the present ruling ancestor of the imperial family. Japan adopted the Chinese writing system, together with the Buddhism religion. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan’s Development History or any similar topic only for you Order Now This actually brought in an influence to the Japanese culture. The Japanese indigenous culture is based on the emperor concept, and has Buddhism as the focal point. The culture in the Japan entered in successive waves in the continent. Different concepts in Japan that has resulted back into past, entails all the human activities manifestation from the moment the man first populated the archipelago of Japan. Research has shown that during the Pleistocene period Japan was inhabited. Those who inhibited Japan during those times left behind cultural remains such as chipped stones. The chipped implements of this time are categorized into four groups. The first category consists of the shale core implements. The shale core implement in some case are defined as hand axes. The second category is the obsidian and flake shale implements. These somehow consist of the upper European Paleolithic industrial flakes. The third categopry comprises of the spearhead. This in most cases is identified with the Solutrean of the Europe. The last group is made by the blade implements. These implements have got their microlithic proportion specimens increasing progressively. The culture of Japan took shape in the period of Yayoi. The present anthropologists argue out that, Japanese are direct descendants of the Jomon people. The Jomon culture in Japan is subdivided into five periods. These periods include the: earliest, early, middle, late and latest phase. The phase of the earliest Jomon was dominated by base pointed connoid potteries. The second phase of Jomon was characterized by the cylindrical potteries of a fibrous temper. The third phase, that is, the middle phase was characterized by the emergence of the cultural subareas: central, northeastern, and southeastern. The middle phase of culture in Japan came up with multitudes of problems. In the late phase, three distinct subareas are blanketed by pottery that was cord marked that is black or grey, thin walled and well fired. Â  At present most of the cultural practices in Japan are similar to those of china (Shenfield, 1998, pp 55). The relationship that exists between languages is expressed by correspondence in: vocabulary, grammatical structure, as corroborated by the law of phonetic. In Japan, with respect to grammar, it is quite different to Austroasian, Chinese, and Austronesian. However, Japan has some structural similarity in its language with the Altaic group. Japanese and Korean share many grammar points as well as an ancient vowel harmony use. They also share at least two hundred cognates of vocabulary. The linguistics data of Japanese can be traced back to the 3rd century A.D. but came to be more after the 9th century. When compared with the neighboring language the Japanese language is in a better state. To compare them with the ancient Japanese is hard. The reason for this seems to justify the somatic variation along a running cline from southeastern to north eastern (Shenfield, 1998, pp. 57). In the process of its development, in 1542 Japan started to experience contact with the western countries such as Netherlands, England, Spain, and Portugal. The main aim for these countries coming to Japan was to trade with Japan. Later in 17th century Japan realized that the traders and the missionaries from the west countries were being used as military conquest forerunners by the European powers. This led to shogunates to place very tight restrictions on the foreigners. Finally, this forced those foreigners who stayed in Japan to leave. This barred the relation between the Japan and the outside countries except the china and Dutch merchants. The restriction lasted for 200 years, when Matthew Perry of the United States navy came for negotiation so that Japan could be opened for the west. The renewed contact with the west after several years profoundly changed the Japanese society. There was restoration of the emperor into power as the shogunate resigned. The 1868 Meiji restoration brought in so many reforms in Japan. There was abolishment of feudal system, adoption of several western institutions which included the government constitution together with the parliamentary lines, and the western education and legal systems (Mulgan, 2000, pp. 70). How to cite Japan’s Development History, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Mastering Physics Assignment Essay Example For Students

Mastering Physics Assignment Essay Assume that air resistance is negligible and that the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity is . What shape is the trajectory (graph of y vs.. X) of the shells? ANSWER: straight line parabola hyperbola The shape cannot be determined. For two shells fired at the same speed which statement about the horizontal distance traveled is correct? Two things to consider The shell fired at a larger angle with respect to the horizontal lands farther away. The shell fired at an angle closest to 45 degrees lands farther away. The shell fired at smaller angle with respect to the horizontal lands farther away. The lighter shell lands farther away. Consider the situation in which both shells are fired at an angle greater than 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal. Remember that enemy ship A is closer than enemy ship B. Part C Which shell is fired at the larger angle? Hint c. I Consider the limiting case Both shells are fired at the same angle. Which shell is launched with a greater vertical velocity, Both shells are launched with the same vertical velocity. Part E Which shell is launched with a greater horizontal velocity, Both shells are launched with the same horizontal velocity. Part F Which shell reaches the greater maximum height? Hint F. L What determines maximum height? Both shells reach the same maximum height. Which shell has the longest travel time (time elapsed between being fired and hitting the enemy ship)? Hint G. L Consider the limiting case Both shells have the same travel time. A Wild Ride A car in a roller coaster moves along a track that consists of a sequence of ups and downs. Let the x axis be parallel to the ground and the positive y axis point upward. In the time interval from to , the trajectory of the car along a certain section of the track is given by , where is a positive dimensionless constant. At is the roller coaster car ascending or descending? How to approach the problem Find the vertical component of the velocity of the car ascending descending Derive a general expression for the speed of the car. Magnitude of a vector Hint 8. 3 Find the components of the velocity of the car Express your answer in meters per second in terms of and . The roller coaster is designed according to safety regulations that prohibit the speed of the car from exceeding Find the maximum value of allowed by these regulations. To comply with the regulations, the speed of the car cannot exceed the given safety limit at any time. Thus, you need to determine what the maximum value of the speed is and impose the condition that such a value cannot be greater than the safety limit. Hint C. 2 Find the maximum value of the speed of the car in terms of Hint C. 2. 1 Using the calculus Hint C. 2. 2 Find the first derivative of the speed Hint C. 2. 3 Find the time at which the speed reaches its maximum value Express your answer in meters per second. = Answer not displayed Express your answer using two significant figures. 1. 7 Shooting over a Hill A projectile is fired with speed at an angle from the horizontal as shown in the figure . Find the highest point in the trajectory, Velocity at the top Express the highest point in terms of the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity , the initial velocity , and the angle . What is the range of the projectile, Find the total time spent in air Express the range in terms of , and Consider your advice to an artillery officer who has the following problem. From his current position, he current position, he must shoot over a hill of height